Description

A 16-amino-acid peptide encoded within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. Preclinical research has characterized MOTS-c as a regulator of metabolic homeostasis, and it is frequently described in the literature as an exercise mimetic. In vitro and animal-model studies report that under conditions of metabolic stress it modulates AMPK signaling and the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway, with observed effects on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle.

• Insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis examined in animal models (Lee et al., Cell Metabolism 2015)
• Exercise-mimetic effects reported in aged mice (Reynolds et al., Nat Commun 2021)
• Examined in preclinical research on obesity and age-related metabolic decline

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